School Leadership Essay Example

School Leadership Essay Example School Leadership Essay School Leadership Essay The functioning of the schools has been constantly changing in response to the changing trends in education. The foundations and frame work for change is introduced by the principal, who then progressively adapts it in cooperation with all those, whom it would matter. The traditional image of a school principal being a strong manager in a hierarchical system or a high caliber executive, ensuring everyone’s conformity in line, is quickly fading. No longer is the principal performing just ceremonial or formal tasks. The new age demands and expects more from the education system and looks upon the principal to deliver. A principal’s strong belief and leadership are very important for the success of school changes, in the long run. Several recent studies calling for school reforms have emphasized the need to redefine the role of school principal. The principal may be described as the central point of the school change process, attempting to balance the requirements and view points of the teachers, community, district and state (Cushman, 1992). Broadly speaking, the leadership qualities of a principal is observed in the development of a school culture to facilitate learning, set up shared learning goals, recognize economic and social issues that may be affect education.   Decentralization of decision making to local school level, site-based management and self managed schools are becoming increasingly common which highlight the need to review the principal’s role (Caldwell and Spinks, 1992, 1998). Owing to pressure for reform and improvement in school functioning, several government agencies and departments associated with the school education are helping in the professional development of the principal. The need to work with external community, manage revenues, align curriculum to make it compatible with established standards and develop decision making bodies are some of the modified roles intended for principals (Barnett). Occupying a vital position in the complex working of the school, the principal’s job incorporates a number of roles including those of psychologist, teacher, facilities manager, philosopher, police officer, diplomat, social worker, mentor, PR director, coach and cheerleader. In any such role, the principal confronts all extremities associated with it. For instance dealing with a broken window to a broken house, a bruised knee to a bruised ego, a rusty pipe to a rusty teacher (Sherman, 2000). nbsp; REFERENCES Cushman K. (Sept. 1992) The Essential School Principal: A Changing Role in a Changing School.; Horace Vol. 9, # 1.. [Electronic Version]. Retrieved on 2nd May, 2007 from essentialschools.org/cs/resources/view/ces_res/102 Caldwell, B J Spinks, J M, (1992) Leading the self-managing school London, Falmer Press Sherman L. Spring (2000). The New Principal. MW Education [Electronic Version]. Retrieved on 2nd May, 2007 from www.sedl.org Schoolfile. The Role of the School Principal. [Electronic Version]. Retrieved on 2nd May, 2007 from schoolfile.com/cap_start/roleprin.htm Barnett B.G, The changing external policy context and the Role of the school principal. Educational Leadership and Policy Studies, University of Northern Colorado [Electronic Version]. Retrieved on 2nd May, 2007 from ncsl.org.uk

The History of the Transistor

The History of the Transistor The transistor is an influential little invention that changed the course of history in a big way for computers and all electronics. History of Computers You can look at the computer as being made of many different inventions or components. We can name four key inventions that made a huge impact on computers. An impact large enough that they can be referred to as a generation of change. The first generation of computers depended upon the invention of vacuum tubes; for the second generation it was transistors; for the third, it was the integrated circuit; and the fourth generation of computers came about after the invention of the microprocessor. The Impact of Transistors Transistors transformed the world of electronics and had a huge impact on computer design. Transistors made of semiconductors replaced tubes in the construction of computers. By replacing bulky and unreliable vacuum tubes with transistors, computers could now perform the same functions, using less power and space. Before transistors, digital circuits were composed of vacuum tubes. The story of ENIAC computer speaks volumes about the disadvantages of vacuum tubes in computers. A transistor is a device composed of semiconductor materials (germanium and silicon) that can both conduct and insulate Transistors switch and modulate electronic current. The transistor was the first device designed to act as both a transmitter, converting sound waves into electronic waves, and resistor, controlling electronic current. The name transistor comes from the trans of transmitter and sistor of resistor. The Transistor Inventors John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain were all scientists at the Bell Telephone Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. They were researching the behavior of germanium crystals as semiconductors in an attempt to replace vacuum tubes as mechanical relays in telecommunications. The vacuum tube, used to amplify music and voice, made long-distance calling practical, but the tubes consumed power, created heat and burned out rapidly, requiring high maintenance. The teams research was about to come to a fruitless end when the last attempt to try a purer substance as a contact point lead to the invention of the first point-contact transistor amplifier. Walter Brattain and John Bardeen were the ones who built the point-contact transistor, made of two gold foil contacts sitting on a germanium crystal. When electric current is applied to one contact, the germanium boosts the strength of the current flowing through the other contact. William Shockley improved upon their work creating a junction transistor with sandwiches of N- and P-type germanium. In 1956, the team received the Nobel Prize in Physics for the invention of the transistor. In 1952, the junction transistor was first used in a commercial product, a Sonotone hearing aid. In 1954, the first transistor radio, the Regency TR1 was manufactured. John Bardeen and Walter Brattain took out a patent for their transistor. William Shockley applied for a patent for the transistor effect and a transistor amplifier.

Revolutions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Revolutions - Assignment Example The American Revolution was a war of independence between the thirteen British colonies in America and Great Britain that was fought from 1775 to 1783 (Ferling, 2001). The Americans were fighting for their freedom as they sought to exist as a nation without the control of the British colonial masters. The French Revolution that started in 1789 and ended in 1799 was more like an internal strife that existed between the people of France and the tyrannical monarch, King Louis XVI, who was ruling France at that time (Feher, 1990). The French revolution was basically a period of transformation of the political system as it ushered in the change of leadership from an autocratic style to a more democratic style of leadership. The Latin American Revolution that started in 1807 and ended in 1824 was a rebellious war that involved the natives of Mexico, Central and South America and their Spanish and Portuguese colonial masters (Gilbert, 1990). The Latin Americans fought against the heavy taxa tion burdens and strict economic policies that were imposed on them by their colonial masters. George Washington was the founder of the Continental Army and he was the one that influenced the American Revolution (Ferling, 2001). General Washington played a great role in ensuring that the Americans were victorious in their revolution against the British. However, there are different people that influenced the French Revolution and some of them are Maximilien Robespierre, Georges Jacques Danton and Jean-Paul Marat (Feher, 1990). Maximilien Robespierre was a French lawyer and political activist, Jean-Paul Marat was one of the most radical political leaders during the French revolution that promoted violence against supporters of King Louis XVI, while Georges Jacques Danton gave powerful speeches that inspired the people to take part in the French Revolution (Feher, 1990). One person that influenced the Latin American

Mini Project 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mini Project 2 - Essay Example The management policies and measures of water help to remedy the crisis by influencing the emissions of greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide. Therefore, the mitigation tactics such as use of renewable energy options enhances availability of water globally. Pollution is detrimental, and it creates low-quality water. The industrial effluents should be treated before being released to the ecosystem (Erikson & Globescan, 2010). Disinfection of the sewage discharges is significant to prevent contamination of water. Therefore, control of pollution enhances availability of adequate clean water globally. There is high usage of water in agriculture. Improving agricultural practices and proper irrigation increases utilization of water without wastage (Markey, Leal & Rogers, 2014). Application of new technologies promotes utmost use of water, therefore, supporting continuous water supply without failure. Education motivates new behaviors that enhance proper use of water (Savic & ISSWMLC, 2005). Scarcity of water requires change of all methods of consumption from individual utilization to the supply chains. Healthy lifestyle hinders contamination and, therefore, promotes availability of adequate quality water globally. Erikson, J & Globescan. (May 24, 2010). Experts Name the Top 19 Solutions to the Global Freshwater Crisis. Circle of Blue. Retrieved May 12, 2015 from http://www.circleofblue.org/waternews/2010/world/experts-name-the-top-19-solutions-to-the-global-freshwater-crisis/ Savic, D. A., & International Symposium on Sustainable Water Management for large cities (ISSWMLC). (2005). Sustainable water management solutions for large cities. Wallingford: Internat. Assoc. of Hydrological

The changes and continuities in political Essay Example for Free

The changes and continuities in political Essay The Roman Empires imperial bureaucracy, economy, and governing instructions were left to Byzantium at the end of its reign. Although Europe didnt have very extensive unity or political order, the Byzantine policies brought Europe to a state of economical and political order, with a big area for trade and interaction, and cultural unity. Only Byzantium survived the declining population, outside military threats, economic contradiction, epidemic disease, and political trouble after the fall of Rome. The rulers of the Byzantine empires were sporadically increasing their borders, and The Constantine came to be ruler, he had a big part in supporting Christianity and ecclesiastical affairs. And once rule switched over to Justinian, he influenced the codification or Roman Law, and because of his code, most of Europes laws were influenced by Roman law. The Slavic peoples also benefited from being able to shift over into the Byzantine Empire when the Byzantine military resources were sent over to the Western Mediterranean by Justinian. Before the 8th century Bulgaria and Byzantine had taken part in cultural, political, and commercial affairs. Starting around the 5th century and leading up to the 12th, economical prosperity and political stability was brought to Eastern Europe by the Byzantine empire. Cultural and commercial exchanges were also supported in the post-classical world, which would help shape the development of the commonwealth in Eastern Europe. The political leaders also set up a sequence of independent states while enduring economical and political reform in western Europe, and supported their society. So, generally speaking, all of the different societies that were established under Byzantiums economic, political, and cultural influences from 476 to 1450 still changes some of the countries from today.

Importance of Understanding, Compassion and Empathy in Patient Care Ess

Lying in a hospital bed feeling, sick, scared and helpless, the only comforting thought is supposed to be knowing that when you need something, a nurse is there to help you. You ring the call bell for assistance in going to the restroom and no one comes. You ring the bell again, and still no one comes. You ring it for the third time and a voice comes over the speaker, "I will be back in a few minutes, I have some things I have to finish up". You need to get out of bed right now, and you can’t do it alone. Now, on top of everything else, you’re feeling alone and frustrated. If someone doesn’t appear soon you will have to deal with embarrassment and shame. On top of being sick, look how many other things a patient may have to go through just because of something as simple as no one coming when the call bell is rung. A nurse’s job is not just medical. A good nurse must be empathetic and aware of the patient’s feelings and needs. Empathy is making sure the patient receives comfort, compassion, sensitivity, solace and understanding, qualities that are essential for any doctor, nurse, or caregiver. For patients, a lack of empathy from a physician or nurse can easily be interpreted as its antonym: hostility (Comor, 1997). Patients are human beings and need to be treated as such. It’s terrible to say, but in our society today, it is much too common to hear horror stories of people in a hospital who are treated more like a number or a diagnosis than a human being. I chose to discuss the nurse’s role because in reality he or she normally spends the most time with the patient. It isn’t always the nurse who should uphold these standards of empathy. I just recently had an experience with my mother in which it was not the nurse who needed t... ...kly or maybe not even at all. I know time is an important issue in our society and a lot of us don’t have any, but we need to step back and remember that we are all human and need to be treated as such. It may just save someone’s life. References Baier, Sue & Shomaker, Mary Zimmeth (1995). Bed Number Ten. New York: CRC Press. Chaisson, Jean (1999). Nursing stories journalists fail to cover. Neiman Reports, 53(3), p.55. Comor, H (1997). A question of care. CMAJ, 156(4), pp.541-544. Lindergren, Maryclaire & Key, Sandra W. (1999, August). Nursing support inflluences outcomes for Oxytocin patents. Women’s Health Weekly, p4. Lindergren, Maryclaire & Key, Sandra W. (1999, May). Doula support reduces complications and shortens labor. Women’s Health Weekly, p12. Gastmans, C. (1999). Care as a moral attitude in nursing. Nursing Ethics, 6(3), pp. 214-223. Importance of Understanding, Compassion and Empathy in Patient Care Ess Lying in a hospital bed feeling, sick, scared and helpless, the only comforting thought is supposed to be knowing that when you need something, a nurse is there to help you. You ring the call bell for assistance in going to the restroom and no one comes. You ring the bell again, and still no one comes. You ring it for the third time and a voice comes over the speaker, "I will be back in a few minutes, I have some things I have to finish up". You need to get out of bed right now, and you can’t do it alone. Now, on top of everything else, you’re feeling alone and frustrated. If someone doesn’t appear soon you will have to deal with embarrassment and shame. On top of being sick, look how many other things a patient may have to go through just because of something as simple as no one coming when the call bell is rung. A nurse’s job is not just medical. A good nurse must be empathetic and aware of the patient’s feelings and needs. Empathy is making sure the patient receives comfort, compassion, sensitivity, solace and understanding, qualities that are essential for any doctor, nurse, or caregiver. For patients, a lack of empathy from a physician or nurse can easily be interpreted as its antonym: hostility (Comor, 1997). Patients are human beings and need to be treated as such. It’s terrible to say, but in our society today, it is much too common to hear horror stories of people in a hospital who are treated more like a number or a diagnosis than a human being. I chose to discuss the nurse’s role because in reality he or she normally spends the most time with the patient. It isn’t always the nurse who should uphold these standards of empathy. I just recently had an experience with my mother in which it was not the nurse who needed t... ...kly or maybe not even at all. I know time is an important issue in our society and a lot of us don’t have any, but we need to step back and remember that we are all human and need to be treated as such. It may just save someone’s life. References Baier, Sue & Shomaker, Mary Zimmeth (1995). Bed Number Ten. New York: CRC Press. Chaisson, Jean (1999). Nursing stories journalists fail to cover. Neiman Reports, 53(3), p.55. Comor, H (1997). A question of care. CMAJ, 156(4), pp.541-544. Lindergren, Maryclaire & Key, Sandra W. (1999, August). Nursing support inflluences outcomes for Oxytocin patents. Women’s Health Weekly, p4. Lindergren, Maryclaire & Key, Sandra W. (1999, May). Doula support reduces complications and shortens labor. Women’s Health Weekly, p12. Gastmans, C. (1999). Care as a moral attitude in nursing. Nursing Ethics, 6(3), pp. 214-223.

Macbeth †Hunger & Humility Essay

Some say that when offered power, a man would do anything to get it. For example, when Hercules finds out he is a god he didn’t even know his own strength, and he used it in ways that other people didn’t believe were very helpful but soon proved them wrong when he grew up and became more mature and powerful. Hercules wanted to use his newfound power for the well-being of others; however, Macbeth had other plans for his use of power. In William Shakespeare’s tragic novel, Macbeth, a brilliant peacekeeper, Macbeth suffered from the same problem that befell many of the tragic Greek heroes like Oedipus. Despite his eager and insightful vision; he is unable to see himself or the future as clearly as he sees the battlefield before him. Macbeth proves in the story that he is a warrior model, ambitious, arrogant, and masculine all to a fault. Ambition, the hunger for the purpose-driven achievement, takes Macbeth to stunning extremes. At once intoxicated with his own slyness, he decides to stage a rebellion of his own, and to take the throne promised him by the Three Witches. Stoked by his wife’s ruthless passion, he reaches his high point – and melts down thereafter. â€Å"But screw your courage to the sticking-place, and we’ll not fail. When Duncan is asleep where to the rather shall his day’s hard journey soundly invite him his two chamberlains will I with wine and wassail so convince that memory, the warder of the brain† (I.VII. 60-65). Hunger turned ruthless, he finds he has little taste for absolute murder in cold blood, no matter how many he has slain in his path. Confused and pressed towards action, he must engage in dishonesty following the discovery of Duncan’s death, leaving him caught up in self-doubt shortly after. His character has ambition, but lacked the ability to understand the trace of what acting on that ambition may have meant. Others, knowing him as they did, took advantage of him, leading Macbeth to go on a rampage. Arrogance plays a large role in this play, driven by confidence and internal conspiracy. Also, defined as an offensive display of self-superiority, here we may take arrogance as a confidence absent the ability to self-affirm. This definition can be seen in many scenes throughout the play. As mentioned before, Macbeth had the courage to commit the deed that started it all, but only when traumatized by his wife. After her support edged away into a nervous craze, he himself falls into doubt, despair, and ultimately a reckless brand of destructiveness. It can be seen again, when the Three Witches play upon his ambition and arrogance, hidden promises slipping through the light armor of his doubt to play upon his heart’s desires. A time when the lack is most clearly seen is when Macbeth drives himself mad, unable to argue successfully with Banquo’s ghost. â€Å"Behold! Look! Lo! How say you? Why, what care I? If thou canst nod, speak too† (III. IV.70-71). Unable to con firm his feelings when none but he can see what infect him, he collapses. Seeking support, he finds that the best option is to return to his element and bring himself back to the battlefield, where he can die gloriously doing that which he was always best at. Maleness was Macbeth’s trademark as the standing alpha male. In this case, masculinity has a collection of traits and habits surrounding it. As the alpha, there are expectations to be met from others, a responsibility to those in his company, and dominance to be maintained for his own sake. Given his arrogance, ambition, and masculinity, he uses these traits to emphasize his character onto the world around him. Assertion, and almost never careful judgment, is his primary tool in the performance. Due to this, Macbeth is sadly unprepared to deal with the events happening around him after his wife dies, whose talent what he lacked. â€Å"She should have died hereafter; there would have been a time for such a word. Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow creeps in this petty pace from day to day, to the last syllable of recorded time; And all of our yesterdays have lighted fools the way to dusty death.† (V. V. 17-23). As his reliability dies, doubt is cast upon him both by oth ers and himself. The great lord remains unable to turn his once-sharp intellect inward to look at and create himself, or to moves desperately on, and it is almost too difficult to watch; none enjoy seeing great men fall to their death, especially Macbeth. Macbeth makes the tragic figure in that he embodies all that is typically asked for in a great hero. He has a sharp ambition that drives the action, pride for years on well-deserved honor, and the ability to force him with the strength needed to uphold the sensational shine around him. And then as the story progresses, because of the same things those we so admired him for, it all turns to dust in a flood of desperation. Unable to manage his emotions or regulate his actions, he is then incapable of dodging or deflecting the consequences that drove him into the ground and over the edge. Macbeth therefore shows that he is a warrior model, ambitious, arrogant, and masculine all to a fault. It is tragic, and it is also heroic, and this is what truly makes Macbeth the perfect example of a tragic hero.